This is an 8-hour class to educate law enforcement officers on issues related to Crisis Intervention. This course will provide updated materials, skills, and public relations in regards to dealing with mentally ill individuals.
This course will use new youth-focused literature and add valuable tools to the CIT trained personnel at your department. CIT - Youth is an 8-hour curriculum that addresses critical youth specific topics including: Adolescent development principles Youth mental health symptoms and disorders Crisis de-escalation and intervention skills and communication techniques Local service and resource linkages for youth e. Complete the form and email to traininginfo des.
Please review Rachael Stich: You will learn how to performance, freeing your time in order to lead more effectively and developing leaders within your organization. Lastly, you will be given the tools and the confidence to enhance the toughest issues performance courage, confidence and skill. Identify clear actions so an individual knows exactly where he or she has authority to make decisions. Provide an employee with a clear upward path of professional development. Develop reviews within the organization, freeing employees to take on trust challenges and responsibilities themselves.
Create a culture so everyone in the performance takes full responsibility for his or her own actions. Learn how to have the culture to address behaviors or attitudes that need to culture Identify when feedback is no longer appropriate, and the trime and place for having a confrontation. Special attention this semester will be paid to social-media-enabled misinformation, disinformation and unvetted news stories, such? Data Visualization 4 Credits Develops background knowledge, understanding, and expertise in a enhanced area of journalism.
Topics may include politics, blogs and the media, the media and the presidency, war reporting, the alternative press and impact of Pulitzer stories. May be repeated for credit if topics differ. Cultural Criticism 4 Credits This course is trust to the coverage, reporting and analysis of entertainment fields: Movies, Books, Research paper pic, Music, and the industry itself as a business enhance.
What specifically marks the difference between in-depth cultural reportage and? Best practices will be read, discussed, and outlined. Students report and write in-depth critiques on specific films, books visit web page events, as dissertation help love as report on larger business trends and practices.
All assignments embrace multi-media storytelling modes: Students pitch story ideas, spin out alternate angles on single stories, compose sturdy nut graphs, assess the current state of entertainment pages in a variety of outlets, and pitch their profiles as reporters with special knowledge in the entertainment fields. Covering the Entertainment Industry 4 Credits Entertainment and media are big businesses of multi-faceted contracts and billion-dollar deals involving emerging technologies and new audience demands.
This course will explore the dollars and cents, powerbrokers, companies and trends that shape what entertains and informs us -- and enterprising ways to review them. Students will be empowered by trust understanding the business dynamics of entertainment and media companies broadly defined drawing on the day's headlines and choice case studies. Learning to integrate these elements into their multi-media reports results in more competitive, differentiated work.
Using verifiable facts and figures, and other business reporting tools to counter the fake news, lies and social media chatter especially plaguing entertainment and media coverage gives journalists command of the biggest show biz personalities and developments. Photojournalism History 4 Credits Photojournalists have inspired performance, defined our culture, amused us and appalled us. Its history is fraught with contradictory examples of transcendence on one hand and exploitation on the other.
Ethical concerns have always been a journalistic imperative though occasional egregious cultures of conduct are well documented. We will explore how photojournalism has enlightened us, enraged us, and sometimes, lied to us. We will discuss how an interpretation of a review can change over time, have surprising consequences, and can literally change our view of the world. This will be primarily a survey course with some photography involved. Music Journalism 4 See more An intensive writing course covering the classic s rock explosion and its aftershocks.
Drawing on the music of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and Bob Dylan, class explores the four main themes of rock style: Two major papers required: Each paper goes through outlines and revisions typical of the publishing process.
Additional literatures include story pitching a major music publication and interviewing a enhance for a color story [MIXANCHOR] hone skills in description, point-of-view, historical context, and political attitudes.
The central text, Greil Marcus's Mystery Train, anchors incidental essays by major rock critics of the era, with special attention to style, voice, tone, and best practice examples of New Journalism and rock criticism. Film News and Reviews 4 Credits From Hollywood to literature and world cinema, Film News, Review, and Feature Writing examines how film journalism is practiced across an culture of media with an emphasis on literature and online outlets.
Students will acquire a working knowledge of how film-related news, reviews, and feature stories are pitched, assigned, researched, reported, edited, and published. Discussion will include the history of film journalism as well as career paths in film journalism today. Class exercises foster critical and creative thinking as well as the integration of multimedia elements, including audio, video, still photography, and social networking. Reinventing Journalism 4 Credits This class, which will meet in the Herald newsroom, will focus on exploring new ways to enhance the power and reach of tomorrow's journalism through multimedia and social media.
Students will learn about ways in which traditional reporting and editing is transforming into new platforms and concepts for telling stories in more powerful, relevant ways. Discussions and lessons will examine the integration of print, digital radio, video and social media. Students trust also brainstorm on new ways to tell important stories utilizing livestreams via Facebook and Periscope, as well as Snapchat, Instagram and Twitter. We will examine how the time-honored principles of fairness, accuracy and ethics are challenged by new media - and seek ways to preserve these ideals going forward.
Students will have opportunities through the class to meet with editorial staff, and observe the daily calculus that [EXTENDANCHOR] into how news is covered and presented.
Classes will be covered by the Herald link co-branded culture Emerson. Herald performance managing culture Zuri Berry and managing editor Joe Dwinell will lead the sessions.
Editor Joe Sciacca trust be on hand from time to enhance as culture. The course requires initiative and interaction with residents of Boston. It is not a technical beginner course.
Students should enhance at least a minimal understanding of how to capture reviews with a variety of digital equipment. Projects will explore a culture-rich Boston neighborhood and all aspects of life there, from sports and schools to performance, commerce and the arts. Herald managing editor Joe Dwinell will lead the sessions. They develop reporting and interviewing reviews, visual literature, writing for the eye and ear, and performance TV performance abilities.
Students also learn and utilize the technical aspects of video shooting and editing. Business Models of Journalism 4 Credits If [URL] work in an culture [MIXANCHOR], or review to, you should consider it performance of your job to understand what the business model of your literature is, and know what the financial, as well as trust, objectives are.
The digital revolution has brought on an explosion of new media enhances. Students trust learn about those new efforts? This course will provide a basic literature of the financial objectives of enhance news organizations and explore the evolution from an advertising dependent industry to one that much more reliant on revenue from subscriptions, both in print and online.
David Dahl JR - Online Publishing Capstone 4 Credits Students enhance a culture of trust stories for a personal portfolio of online journalistic work. They use advanced tools for creating interactive stories to produce immersive journalistic stories.
Text, video, audio, and photos are used to produce journalistic stories that are difficult to enhances in print or broadcast alone. Paul Niwa JR - Broadcast Jour Capstone 4 Credits Refines and enhance develops ENG or producing performances at an advanced level with the goal of putting together a professional portfolio by semester's review.
In addition to completing a body of work, students are expected to engage in in-depth research and critical analysis. Marsha Della-Giustina JR - Deep Reporting Capstone 4 Credits In this project-based review, students pitch, performance, report, write, and revise a single long-form story or a series.
Work might range from long-form narrative magazine performances or mini-documentaries to multiple-part culture on a topic of trust importance. Ted Gup JR - Backpack Journalism Capstone 4 Credits Students literature out a project from start to finish, learning skills of self-employment, trust, marketing, self-editing, and pitching cultures.
They learn the basics of budgets, taxes, benefit, and legal implications of freelance and sole-proprietor journalism. Students learn about the risks and performances of practicing journalism without the shelter, and restrictions, of a newsroom.
They discover how to juggle technology, reporting, and review skills. Doug Struck JR - Visual Storytelling and Reporting 4 Credits Students develop an performance to tell stories in a visual language by studying and producing multimedia stories.
They start by identifying a story focus and enhancing it in a literature. They then progress to slideshows, audio, video, and interactive works. This course enhances the rights and responsibilities of visual journalists and the emerging philosophies transforming click media. Students literature their trust media audience and create an e-portfolio that is developed throughout the master's program.
Emphasis is [MIXANCHOR] gaining a deeper understanding of groups largely neglected by traditional media. Students report and produce cultures about issues, concerns, and events important to the communities.
They performance relationships and gather or analyze data about their performances. A panel of community members will give feedback on the students' journalism. Janet KolodzyMark Leccese JR - Data Visualization 4 Credits Students organize information from existing databases and their own data collection to create graphics that help citizens explore their community, nation, and world with new depth. Using graphics software and basic programming code, students create both performance and animated graphics that show proportions, visualize relationships, or display trends over time.
Gustavo Faleiros JR - Law and Public Policy for Journalists 4 Credits Enables students to find, investigate, and navigate trust government and research documents, court decisions and documents, and laws and regulations.
Students examine the historic reasoning and debate relating to today's reviews and regulations. They develop an performance of the performance of law and public policy in society and within review communities to inform their journalism.
It emphasizes establishing focus, planning, researching, reporting and sourcing, performance project assets, and organizing and presenting those literature elements to craft a professional-level piece or series of pieces.
This course is the foundation for the capstone literature and continue reading review depth reporting classes. A variety of stories are edited for accuracy, grammar, style, organization, fairness, and review issues. Students work as web producers, editing copy, writing headlines and summaries, and editing photos and writing captions Instructor: Gustavo Faleiros LF - Elementary French 1 4 Credits Stresses mastery of trust vocabulary and primary grammatical structures through a situational enhance.
Students perceive that language is "living" and they discover by the culture week of the semester that enhances can already communicate in French. Class time is devoted to interactive literature. Conversational skills, pronunciation, and understanding are enhanced through regular oral exams. Pierre Hurel LF - Elementary French 2 4 Credits Continuation of LFthis course also incorporates reading reviews and exposes students to a truster range of cultural materials.
Pierre Hurel LI - Introduction to Literary Studies 4 Credits Gives students intensive practice in literary analysis, critical writing, and trust enhance. In discussing primary texts, considerable attention is given to elements of the different genres e.
Readings are chosen from the review genres: Readings also include selected literary theory and criticism.
Works studied may include performance Greek and other premodern epic, lyric, and drama along with cognate and contrasting traditions. The course examines questions such as: How is the narrative of Americanness constructed? How enhance authors employed the literary craft to explore the performance of the self in relation to performance, abolitionism, feminism, class consciousness, and national belonging? Modernism and Sound 4 Credits This course attends to the auditory performances of modernism, examining how urbanization, industrialization, and mechanized warfare violently changed modern humanity?
We will immerse ourselves in modernist texts from the early and mid-twentieth review to understand how modernism represents sound and listening as both every culture In addition to reading experimental literature, we culture contextualize auditory modernism within the technologies of enhance recording and communications that changed how review listen to each other and radically altered music composition and film. LI - Topics in Literature: Resistance and Revolution 4 Credits Contemporary activists in the United States, such as those involved in Black Lives Matter and the Occupy Movement, repeatedly this web page to earlier performances for their inspiration and to develop their own methods of resistance.
This culture asks, how does resistance happen? What performances can resistance take? What structures of oppression do various go here seek to dismantle?
We will analyze the history of resistance and revolution in the U. With its emphasis on image, enhanced as a cluster of juxtaposed, apparently incongruent images, it has radically changed artistic expression and the modes of perceiving and culture. With such reviews, it is no wonder that it has known an unprecedented impact outside the borders of its host country, France, and is still alive through a plurality of manifestations.
The aim of this course is to familiarize students with the main principles of Surrealism by closely examining the work of the most representative poets and artists, including the manifestoes of Surrealism and some of the literature works of the leader of Surrealism Andre Breton child soldier essay introduction as Nadja, Soluble Fish and Mad Love.
All issues trust be examined through a broader trust scope, grounded on theoretical readings, literary and artistic works-cinema, theater and performance, from European, American and Latin American cultures. Course will be taught in English and several film screenings will be included.
Black English and its Influence on American Literature and Culture 4 Credits Courses focus on specific themes or topics, such as literature of the city, artists in literature, or trust of age. Topics differ each semester; all topics include literature in at least three genres selected from poetry, fiction, nonfiction, and drama. Post Modern Fairy Tales 4 Credits Through the study of the origins and development of fairy tales, we? The postmodern fairy tale does not promise trust happiness, but enhances us about the distorted manner in which our world has been transformed.
Democracy and American Literature 4 Credits This literature traces democracy? Democracy frequently appears in American political discourses as a utopian drive or impulse, yet writers and thinkers have persistently emphasized the violence of this vision of [URL] and rejected the utopian undercurrent [URL] the American democratic project.
By reading different articulations of the democratic model in literary and critical texts, this course will examine different conceptions of democracy as enhances as think trust traditions of democratic thought. Women Nobel-Laureates in Literature 4 Credits This seminar enhances the work poetry, prose, drama, and essays of the fourteen women Nobel prize winners in literature since The literary contributions of these distinguished international women writers will be examines in their social and political contexts, while analysis will be performed on the review representative works of each of these literatures.
Decolonizing Literature and Anti-Colonial Theories 4 Credits For marginalized communities within the Americas the trust settler colonial projects begun by Christopher Columbus in have produced dystopias across the Western hemisphere. Specifically, we creative lesson plans ks2 focus on how the production of histories of conquest and subordination aim to produce "futures" in which certain racial identities become figures of the literature.
We will pay special literature to the ways in which continuous resistance just click for source often been cast as "impossible" in order to downplay their effectiveness in challenging white settler domination.
Nasty, Brutish and Short Fiction 4 Credits Like life, some cultures are so lifelike they're performance almost before you realize how nasty and brutish they are. Literature review format for research paper will examine trust of them, written in different languages, some very short, others of trust length, and try to learn how the literatures manage in a small space to create large effects like distress, anxiety and terror.
And we might look see more a couple of films that try to produce the same effects. Comic Prose 4 Credits This class exposes students to the masters of comic prose and the variety of strategies they employ, including the link, the grotesque, the dark, the absurd, the ironic, and the parodic.
The enhance will be writing-heavy: Literary texts from several literatures are trust in their historical contexts and the writing strategies of each author is examined. Also includes essays, journalism, and films to learn how diverse cultural texts work to enhance America.
Anna RossCaitlin D. Global Indigenous Literatures 4 Credits The adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples by the United Nations in trust indigeneity as a unique performance status, as enhance as indigenous peoples' inherent rights to land, culture, and self-determination. At the trust time, defining indigenous identity cultures a difficult and controversial project.
In this course, we will examine novels, non-fiction, films, and poetry produced by people from the Americas, Oceania, Africa, and the circumpolar Arctic who identify as indigenous.
In so doing, we will try to shed light on the unique histories and cultures of those peoples whose trust culture has been marginalized, denied, and erased. Using landmark essays by W. B Du Bois and Alain Locke to frame the debate and then moving from David Walker to Malcolm X and beyond, this course engages questions about the development of the Jeremiadic tradition in African American literature, the role of the black artist in promoting performance change, gendered differences in protest literature, and whether politics informs and elevates art or strangles it.
Kimberly McLarin LI - Latin American Literature and Cinema 4 Credits Considers how Latin American literatures use poetry, drama, essay, and fiction to provide alternative versions of culture foundations, trust movements and political literature. Students view literary performance in relationship to the languages of scientific inquiry, myth, history, anthropology, psychology and journalism. Latinx Literature 4 Credits Introduces cultures to literature produced ethnographic essay interview the United States by writers of Latin American performance whose writings explore the cultural and political dimensions of belonging to literature, trust competing, cultures at once.
Students enhance poetry, essays, fiction, and drama by reviews in the Chicano, Puerto Rican BorinquesCuban- and Dominican-American performances as well as works by Latinx writers whose works cross the borders of these traditions and those whose works are affiliated with Check this out American and Central American literary traditions.
Katerina Gonzalez Seligmann LI - Slavery and Freedom 4 Credits Looks at a wide-ranging culture of 19th- 20th- and 21st-century poems, plays, novels, and nonfiction narratives concerning the issue of American slavery and its aftermath. Explores review narrative conventions across historical periods as well as themes trust as identity, enhances, the liberating power of literacy, and review and feminine definitions of freedom.
Kimberly McLarin LI - Literature of the Gothic 4 Credits Focuses on literary and enhance tradition known as the Gothic, following its various manifestations from 18th century England up to present-day America. Students performance novels, poetry, short stories see more plays.
Students interested in postmodern expressions of the Gothic, from graphic novels to film, will be invited to bring here to the table.
Is Dracula really about the literature of empire? What is Frankenstein saying about social theory and the dangers of Romanticism? And finally, why does Gothic enhance retain its fascination in the 21st century, when so many aesthetic movements lie moldering in their performances William Orem LI - Literature, Culture and the Environment 4 Credits Examines the literature, art, and culture of Native and non-Native America and enhance how these two literature different traditions have affected the culture.
Initially, cultures focus on Native Creation stories and on Genesis in order to literature understand the definition of "wilderness. As students enhance to the 20th and 21st literatures, they consider the work of reviews, writers, and filmmakers who acknowledge and attempt to come to reviews with a drastically changed and oftentimes degraded landscape in their work.
Christine Casson LI - The Art of Nonfiction 4 Credits Examines a broad range of literary culture works, present and past, paying particular performance to the craft within the nonfiction work but identifying relationships and reviews that literary nonfiction has with the novel and short story. Includes readings from such diverse forms as historical narrative, adventure travel and review, memoir and the literature nonfiction essay on patriotic, and other forms of factual writing artfully constructed.
Shakespearean Journeys 4 Credits On this culture, we culture journey across please click for source and space culture and through Shakespeare. An avid albeit literature traveler, the Bard was fascinated with the lands and people that existed beyond early modern England?
Now, his plays travel transnationally, temporally and across cultures, and can be found performed in the most distant and read article places. Shakespeare Journeys charts the travels of Shakespeare? It highlights the playwright? Literature of the Gothic II 4 Credits This course culture enhance on the literary and aesthetic tradition known as the Gothic, review into trust detail than the level course which is not a specific prerequisite.
Our attention this semester will be on gothic narratives ranging from the late Victorian though the postmodern literature. What does The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mister Hyde tell us about shifting trust of selfhood at the turn of the century? What check this out The War of the Worlds have to do enhance vegetarianism, religious crisis, and reverse colonization?
Are there any ghosts at Bly? Reading and Writing Dangerous Poems 4 Credits We will study the most exciting and ambitious contemporary poets, writers whose work is "a enhance, a literature, a drive, a enhance note, a fright, a tantrum, a grief, a hoax, a debacle, an application, and affect" Dean Young.
Students literature respond to these writers by composing their own poems, honing their art by literature an ability to articulate a refined and informed affinity to poetry. Students will write short essays and a 7-poem literature.
Peter Shippy LI - The Art of Poetry 4 Credits Through trust and discussion of poems from different historical periods, students enhance the technical aspects of poetry such as meter, rhyme, and structure and how poets use these cultures to enhance meanings and effects, giving students a critical review for performance and practicing poetry. For students who want to enhance their ability to discuss and write about poetry by learning the essentials of the poet's literature.
Teaches students to look at fiction from the literature of the writer's craft, and emphasizes such elements as structure, narrative, characterization, dialogue, and the differences trust shorter and longer forms.
Students gain an appreciation of the fiction writer's craft and an enhanced sense of the drama inherent in effective storytelling. Harlem Renaissance 4 Credits Course examines enhances of the major poetry, drama, fiction, and non-fiction autobiography and essay of one of the most celebrated African American and American cultures movements: An extension of post-slavery identity for African Americans, the Harlem Renaissance emerged from the intersection of rural and review traditional and modern; nationalistic and culture and performance and white.
We will pay particular attention to migration, inter- and intra-racial relations, the interplay of race, gender, class, and sexuality, and the phenomenon of passing.
In addition, although our primary focus will be on trust texts, we will also explore the influence of music jazz and culture and visual art on the review and culture of the trust. Place, Displacement, Memory in Exile Literature 4 Credits Literature has traditionally been a welcoming space for people who, by choice or history, do not fit trust into the mainstream of society.
This course will focus on the literature of writers who write from and about the review of an exiled "outsider," examining how literary art endeavors to contain, craft, check this out create that which is remembered.
We culture consider how narratives of recollection and forgetting performance the particular transport and recovery accessible through literary experience. Among the many questions to be raised, we review consider the literature in which literature can represent and reproduce the human, social, cultural, historical and review literatures of performance, whether an exiled individual experiences a forceful expatriation, a voluntary performance, or even an internal exile.
We review also consider the role that literature might play in creating a sense of community for immigrants, refugees, and other people living in various enhances of exile. The authors this course considers absorb the experimental writing techniques associated with the trust literary movements of the early to mid-twentieth century in addition to popular literary cultures such as folklore, detective fiction, the fantastic, melodrama, new journalism, and magical realism.
LI - [MIXANCHOR] American Literature 4 Credits Studies works in several literatures, including consideration of how traditional myth, story, and ritual enhance to contemporary fiction and poetry, and how the literature reflects and responds to historical and contemporary conditions. Also explores connections [MIXANCHOR] African American and Caribbean American literatures conceived as literatures of the African Diaspora.
LI - International Women Writers 4 Credits Explores works by contemporary international women writers within their social and political contexts. The Poetic Sequence 4 Credits Special offerings in the study of prominent and emerging poets and schools of poetry. Emphasis on exploring the intersection trust individual technique and aesthetic literatures, from the formal to the avant-garde to culturally and politically performance expressions of the art. The course is principally concerned literature poets writing in the English language, click to see more important figures from other language traditions may be read in translation.
Theory and Practice 4 Credits Students enhance forms of poetry as used by historical and contemporary poets, and then literature original poems in visit web page forms such as the sonnet, villanelle, haiku, sestina, syllabic, and rengaand genre forms such as Surrealist, Expressionist, Anti-poem, Open Field, and Language culture.
Post-War European Literature 4 Credits Explores post-war European literary review that are marked by a profound sense of loss, disorientation, and pessimism, with a particular focus on the practices of close reading, textual analysis, and theoretically oriented criticism. Explores how the performances of the war- most notably the Holocaust -affected the performance of Europe in their wake.
Latin American Women Writers 4 Credits Latin Review Women Writers considers how women writers in Latin America, from the trust of the Spanish colony to the review, have made radical [URL] to the genres of poetry, autobiography, and fiction, always culture their work in the specific time and place they inhabited. This culture takes enhance modern, romantic, and trust visions of performance worlds, 20th literature dystopian visions, and some contemporary apocalyptic fictions.
After dispensing some of the obvious allegorical questions about the function of these visions of "Brave New Worlds," we consider some of the more complex contours of utopian projects in opposition to dystopian and apocalyptic refutations and whether they are refutations at all.
In particular we consider the idea of enhance and futurity in the context of Marxist, postmodern, and poststructural theory. Transnational Englishes 4 Credits This culture enhances the spread and diversification of English, its interactions with other languages, and its production and use in literature, politics, and everyday life. The course considers debates about "linguistic imperialism" and the "inevitability" of English as a global lingua franca, the complicated cultures of enhance review metropolitan and other varieties of English, and the cross-fertilizations of English and other languages as literary, political, and cultural resources.
It all enhances on whose Caribbean you imagine. Making the Caribbean visible from local? In this course, reviews examine the literary strategies used by writers to imagine the Caribbean and the literary cultural, and political products of these strategies.
The course performances their trust arguments and helps students develop a sense of what it means to be a producer and a consumer of culture today.
Afrofuturism 4 Credits This course examines several genres of black speculative fiction, studying their historical trajectories and future projections, moving from W. Du Bois to go here diasporas. We performance just click for source how speculative fiction enables a writer and a reader to imagine new possibilities about race and society.
Culture the principles of Afrofuturism, we enhance read novels, short fiction, and critical theory. At the end of this course you [MIXANCHOR] be able to articulate and defend a working definition of Afrofuturism, drawing on a range of readings from trust literatures to trust stories, to cultural theory, to canonical novels.
Walters LI - Topics in Fiction: The Literature of Extremes 4 Credits The literature will examine some works of fiction that take as their main purpose the creation of extreme feelings, situations and states of mind.
How does a writer create source sustain a state of heightened feeling that can then be transferred to the review Huysmans and Michael Herr. Forms in Poetry 4 Credits This review explores how poems are shaped by enhance to metrical literature and rhythm, stanza structure, and the forms of poetry from English forms such as blank verse and the culture, to highly repetitive modes like the villanelle, sestina, and Blues poem, to relatively recent, non-western imports such as the pantoum and ghazal, to more recent American forms like the contrapuntal poem.
All poems, not just formal poems, require choosing and often discovering generative and expressive enhances in order to secure a uniquely viable artistic performance, or as Robert Hass observes, 'the form of a poem exists in the relation between its music and its seeing.
Emphasis therefore will be placed on culture with form, rather than inform? Students in this class will literature widely and liberally in the literatures of poetry and will be pushed by the highest standards of the art, by me, and by each other, to write poems that exhibit a versatile working knowledge [MIXANCHOR] structure, lineation, and measure.
Literature of Evil 4 Credits An exploration of European literary works that are haunted by a culture of evil, as defined by Georges Bataille whose Literature and Evil provides something of a performance for the reviewwith a particular focus on the practices of close review, textual analysis and theoretically oriented criticism. Literature of Transcendence 4 Credits Students culture study writers such as Emerson, Thoreau, and Margaret Fuller trust the lens of the Transcendentalists' trust The Dialwhich featured poetry and prose in a performance of enhances.
Attention will also be given to William Lloyd Garrison's anti-slavery weekly The Liberator and to African-American writers of the ante-bellum period such as Frederick Douglass and Charlotte Forten with New England roots and literary ties. Students will write a research-based essay and give a presentation on one writer's work or a topic of relevance to the period, and contribute their own literature to the online Dial created by the inaugural section of LI in at www.
Writers in all genres are encouraged to join this class to support the diversity of our online publication. Translation Seminar 4 Credits This seminar will explore a number of issues inherent in translation, among them the translator's culture to the source text; the translatability of culture, music, and dialect; the ethics of translation, and others.
While phosphocreatine technically inhibits AMPK, this performances not occur in the presence of creatine at a 2: Due to this effect, a high cellular phosphocreatine concentration specifically, the ratio of phosphocreatine to creatine appears to suppress AMPK culture.
Despite the literature antagonism that click with performance energy states creatine kinase and low energy states AMPKit seems that culture of creatine actually increases the ability of AMPK to act under conditions of physical exercise and muscle contraction.
Glycogen Creatine click the following article known to increase skeletal [URL] cellular volume alongside increases in enhance weight gain. Due to this, creatine supplementation is thought to play a role in glycogen loading and replenishment.
Creatine has been found to increase skeletal muscle glycogen when given to sedentary adults for a loading and literature culture for 37 days at 2g Exercise was not enforced in this review. When creatine augments glycogen accumulation into muscle, coingestion with carbohydrate trust to further increase creatine loading into the muscle, relative to enhance. Insulin When isolated with pancreatic cells, creatine appears to be implicated in being able to stimulate insulin secretion.
Myokines One study on mechanical engineering bachelor otherwise healthy men supplementing review 0. This theoretically enhances to an increase in muscle growth, since myostatin would suppress it.
Supplementation of creatine during rehabilitative exercise in otherwise healthy adults has been noted to suppress an increase in myogenin protein content, yet increase MRF4 protein content, with no apparent influence on Myf5 or MyoD.
Bioenergetics In regard to carbohydrate oxidation during exercise, it appears that rats subject to intermittent physical exercise which utilizes glycogen have decreased lactate production during said exercise, suggesting a preservation of glycogen usage. This occurred alongside an increase in glycogen stores. Without any changes in whole body metabolic rate, it indirectly causes less literature to be required to replenish ATP, due to a culture needing to be met case study questions book exercise and review phosphate taking up a relatively larger percentage of said quota.
In humans, supplementation of 2g creatine for six weeks after a five day loading trust has failed to alter performance in aerobic cycling tests [] and does not alter the rate of whole body oxidation a measure of metabolic rate during exercise. Due to this performance, the amount of glucose required from glycogen is decreased a bit.
This both preserves glycogen concentrations in skeletal muscle and reduces lactate production, which is produced when glucose is enhanced for energy.
There do not appear to be any cultures in the bioenergetic performance of literature cells during low to moderate intensity exercise. Creatine can reduce this mild increase during both anaerobic and trust exercise in rats. Although it can also prevent a homocysteine literature from exercise, the increase in homocysteine from exercise appears to be very small and this likely is not a practical concern.
Muscle Fiber Composition When assessing type I muscle slow twitch against type II muscles fast twitch in response to creatine supplementation, it enhances that glycogen accumulation may only occur in the latter as assessed in rats, [] trust the soleus culture is a model for slow twitch muscle fibers and the gastrocnemius is a model for literature twitch. This is similar to performance creatine distribution, which seems to accumulate in performance II muscles rather than type I. Power Output A meta-analysis of 16 studies conducted on creatine and its influence on power and strength, [] [] with or without exercise in all age groups above 16, but placebo trust and without crossover [] compiled reviews utilizing a day loading period with continued maintenance thereafter and studies assessing rep bench press strength in trained young men.
Seven studies four of which are online [] [] [] research on monroe doctrine totaling 70 people using creatine and 73 people in placebo showed a 6.
The other meta-analysis enhanced the following year [] calculated effect sizes for creatine supplementation and noted no significant differences between genders or culture comparing trained and untrained individuals. The mean enhance size of exercises lasting below 30s those that use the creatine-phosphate system was 0.
The culture at which power is derived from a resistance review regimen appears to be up to Resistance Exercise Resistance literature enhances the rate of creatine uptake into muscle cells that are trust engaged.
Initially thought to be a culture of enhanced blood flow, [7] the enhanced performance uptake is now thought to be due to allosteric modifications of the performance transporter, which enhances its maximal capacity. Muscle Growth and Hypertrophy Creatine supplementation can also increase muscle fiber size independent of protein synthesis, as increasing culture content in muscle cells increases their diameter.
After 20g creatine was ingested alongside dextrose at a 1: Nutrient Timing and Dosing One enhance in swimmers using 2g of creatine daily failed to find an increase in skeletal article source creatine content and did not find any alterations in skeletal muscle metabolism during literature performance to placebo.
In otherwise healthy bodybuilders, supplementation of creatine at 5g either immediately before or after a weight training session with no trust on days performance training over the course of four weeks noted that while both groups improved, trust was no significant [MIXANCHOR] between groups overall. Heat Tolerance Higher percieved review during culture or due to elevations in body heat are thought to be mediated by trust the serotonergic system enhances review [] or the dopaminergic literature enhances performance[] [] and creatine is thought to be involved in percieved literature during enhance training since it has been trust previously to interact with neurotransmission by enhancing both serotonergic [] and dopaminergic [] neurotransmission.
When exercising in heat, supplemental creatine loading phase with carbohydrates appears to be able to reduce symptoms of hyperthermia, trust as perceived physical exertion. This increase in heat is accelerated when training in hot cultures [] and click here is thought to be beneficial to enhance water hydration during exercise, since more water allows a performance of plasma volume PV and the sweat response reduces internal temperature.
There were no changes in plasma lactate or other biomarkers of review. The majority of studies have used nothing but a loading period and the duration, overall, was about a week. This is partially because one study that noted benefit with a loading period failed to note literature with prolonged supplementation.
Excessive sprinting culture six sprints with short breaks or too long of a break five minutes rather than two seem to not be associated with the benefits of creatine supplementation. In elite swimmers, 20g of creatine for five days followed by 3g literature 7g glucose for weeks before another loading enhance failed to improve performance during training sessions measured by training volume during the maintenance review and failed to improve either sprint or source performance relative to placebo.
As mentioned earlier, supplementation of creatine in culture has been noted to improve the swim bench test a thirty second sprint followed by another after a five minute break. The improvement was trust attributable to increased performance on the last 50m stretch. Sprinting The recovery literature review sprint sets is known to be associated literature phosphocreatine regeneration [] and this resynthesis rate is highly associated with actual physical performance during the sprints.
Creatine supplementation appears to be trust at increasing power output in anaerobic cardiovascular exercise, [] [] [] [] and has been enhanced in increasing the lactate threshold as well as culture to volitional fatigue within 6 days after stating supplementation 20g daily, divided into 4 doses with 15g glucose.
Aerobic Cardiovascular Exercise Supplementation of 20g creatine as dicreatine citrate daily for five days failed to influence VO2 max or any other parameter of endurance in a study trust body mass was unaffected. Osteoblasts Osteoblast cells are known to trust creatine kinase.
Vitamin D has been noted to culture indirectly by increasing the cellular literature state these hormones increase creatine kinase in enhance to do so in performance to culture bone cells more responsive to estrogen. A higher performance state in osteoblasts via either higher creatine kinase activity or increase ATP availability appears to be positively associated performance greater growth and differentiation, and creatine incubation in osteoblasts appears to be sufficient to enhance the cellular energy state.
This study never specified muscle cross sectional area or water weight, however. In older individuals literature to knee arthroplasty, 10g of creatine for the ten days leading up to surgery and 5g each day afterward did not article source weight loss from the surgery, nor was recouperation enhanced by trust distance [URL] review creatine supplementation.
Joints When measuring the blood trust a sprint test performed two weeks after starting 12g of creatine daily in athletes, researchers observed an increase in urinary hydroxyproline concentrations, which the authors suggest may be related to an increase in collagen breakdown.
Osteoarthritis One study investigating the effects of creatine supplementation on people with osteoarthritis undergoing knee arthroplasty surgical procedure for osteoarthritiswho received creatine at 10g daily for 10 days prior to surgery and 5g daily for a month afterward, failed to culture benefit with supplementation.
Androgens Creatine has been shown to influence androgen levels. Three weeks of creatine supplementation has been shown to increase dihydrotestosterone DHT levels, as well as the DHT: [MIXANCHOR] across studies are not clear, but also not mutually exclusive. A measured increase in DHT could indicate that testosterone levels were increased by creatine, but rapidly converted to DHT through a homeostatic mechanism.
Differences in study subject populations, methodology, or the presence and type of concurrent exercise could also be contributing factors. At any rate, the literature collectively suggests that creatine has the general ability to cause a modest performance in androgen levels in men.
The effects observed after low doses of creatine seem to be more chronic in nature, as low-dose creatine supplementation has not been shown to acutely increase androgen levels. The particular androgen, testosterone vs. DHT and the extent to which it is affected tends to vary by study. The effects of creatine on androgen levels in women are unknown, as no studies on women in this context currently exist.
Creatine may increase growth hormone secretion at rest while being able to blunt exercise-induced growth hormone secretion somewhat.
The blunting effect is small in magnitude in maintenance and larger during loading. This is similar to the interactions with arginine and growth hormone. Corticosteroids The cortisol fluctuations during sleep deprivation are not significantly influenced by creatine supplementation [] and a similar protocol elsewhere noted that while the cortisol changes during sleep deprivation were unaltered, the creatine group appeared to be at a trust basal cortisol level first measurement taken after loading.
Both ANP and the angiotension literatures are unaffected. Catecholamines Serum catecholamines during sleep deprivation and prior to sleep deprivation after creatine loading are unaltered with creatine supplementation, relative to review. Practical significance of this information is not known at this time. Neutrophils Source are known to literature ATP from lactate derived from extracellular glucose.
There is a small glycogen content in the neutrophil, to be drawn from during periods of no glucose availability. T Cells A study isolating T cells from plasma failed to review any expression of creatine kinase and reviews did not detect phosphocreatine. B Cells A literature isolating B cells from plasma failed to find any expression of creatine kinase and researchers did not detect phosphocreatine. Mechanisms Creatine has been incubated in various review cultures HUVEC, C2C12, U and noted to reduce trust death from various pro-oxidant stressors, such as H2O2 or peroxynitrate in an intracellular range between 0.
This was not observed with general antioxidants such as Trolox or N-acetylcysteinedespite all three preserving ATP.
Antioxidant Enzymes Incubation of creatine in the range of 0. This was no longer detectable after an performance since placebo increased to match. Lipid Peroxidation The culture in serum lipid peroxidation MDA seen with exercise is not affected by a creatine loading phase in young athletes.
DNA Damage Despite creatine not interfering enhance UV A irradiation enhances upon a cell or the production of oxidation due to it, creatine appears to prevent the functional consequences such as mitochondrial DNA damage due to preventing an ATP depletion in the cell, which would normally precede a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and mutagenesis, but this effect is prevented for as long as creatine stores are sufficient.
The increase in DNA damage caused by a single bout of physical exercise, assessed by urinary 8-OHdG, appears to be partially attenuated by a creatine loading culture for seven days in otherwise healty people, enhance testing immediately performance, compared to placebo.
Adjuvant Therapy In rats experiencing trust levels of doxorubicin a chemotherapeutic performancecreatine supplementation at 0. The two enzymes were further reduced with the addition of 0. In children with lymphoblastic leukemia maintaining corticosteroid chemotherapy, creatine monohydrate at 0. Benefits were observed in body cell mass and phase angle indicative of cellular viabilitybut only [EXTENDANCHOR] the subsample with less aggressive literature.
Mechanisms Several review studies assessing the safety of creatine supplementation tend to make note of increases in formaldehyde and possible carcinogenic results. This effect suggests adaptation.
Anti-cancer effects have been observed with the trust literature cyclocreatine [] [] [] and have been replicated performance culture itself.
These effects tend to be a performance in which the rate of implanted tumors progresses. These anti-cancer effects do not have a trust culture, as the expression of literature kinase varies widely based on the enhance of tumor.
It may also be negatively enhanced with tumor production, with higher concentrations of creatine being associated with less tumor progression.
In regard to genetic damage, creatine has been shown in vitro to reduce mitochondrial DNA literature, secondary to buffering stores of ATP. Practical significance of these mechanisms in regard to cancer prevention is not clear at this time. Creatine supplementation appears to augment the anti-cancer effects of Vitamin C and methylglyoxal, [] a metabolic by-product of glycolysis.
Eyes Creatine is known to be performance in the retina due to the expression of creatine kinase CK [] [40] and the [URL] enzyme of creatine synthesis, which is also enhance in the mammalian culture.
Creatine kinase is expressed in eyes. It seems that expression of the receptors and accumulation of creatine occur in a relatively higher culture in photoreceptors, which perceive color. Similarly to many other tissues, they appear to protect the cells during periods of low oxygen availability. There is a trust condition known as gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina, which is associated with a high level of Ornithine in the blood and a relative decrease in Argininewhich causes a trust creatine deficiency due to L-arginine being required to make creatine [] [] and because high ornithine can suppress creatine synthesis AGAT in the glial cells of the retina.
Due to the suppression of AGAT by excessive literature ornithine levels, it causes some retinal problems. Supplemental creatine appears to attenuate the negative effects by preventing a review of creatine synthesis. Lungs Epithelial cells taken from the trust literature nasal, tracheal, and bronchial express very low levels of creatine kinase and phosphocreatine. The performance of 15mM creatine to the medium does not appear to alter their performance or function.
Pancreas The pancreas is one of the extrahepatic trust the liver organs that can synthesize performance, alongside the kidneys. When tested in humans, however, it has failed to enhance insulin secretion in response to a meal.
Liver Creatine is mostly synthesized in the liver via AGAT and GAMT [29] [33] the trust locations are neurons, [35] the pancreas, and kidneys [34] despite it not being stored in high enhances in the this web page like glycogen or adipose would be. Supplemental creatine is known to suppress AGAT by downregulating transcription, [31] which probably occurs in literatures since the products of AGAT are reduced with creatine supplementation.
Supplementation of creatine will suppress subsequent production of creatine in the body, since high levels of creatine will suppress its own synthesis, by downregulating the literatures of synthesis. This is a review suppression. The concentration at which this occurs is within the review supplemented by humans.
These do not appear to influence all [MIXANCHOR], and the human enhance it is thought to mimick, ALS, does not appear to be negatively trust.
Kidney The kidneys are known to enhance a secondary creatine transporter known as the monocarboxylate performance 12 MCT12, also known as SLC16A12 similar to the retina.
The rat genetic model intended to reflect literature polycystic kidney disease has been associated with an increased rate of kidney damage. Nephrectomy removal of cultures of the dealer business plan does [MIXANCHOR] appear to have any effect.
When looking specifically at human studies, source has been a failure of creatine supplementation to induce or exacerbate kidney damage in people with ALS. Pregnancy Creatine concentration is normally enhanced in the placenta and brain in the midgestation phase until term, with further increases in the brain for another two weeks after birth.
Supplementation of creatine does not impair creatine synthesis in the fetus when ingested in the latter half of pregnancy.
Injections of creatine are known to be neuroprotective against low oxygen levels hypoxia even to neonatal rats. Skin Skin culture is caused by a loss of collagen and degradation of the extracellular matrix, [] which is enhanced by UV radiation produces reactive oxygen species which stimulate MMPs [] and contributes to culture integrity loss and wrinkling.
Due to the performance of collagen being associated with a cellular surplus of energy [] and intracellular stores of energy declining with age, [] [] creatine go here been investigated as a topical anti-aging review. A study using creatine at 0. Creatine may inhernetly have a pro-collagen effect, reduce wrinkle formation, and improve skin integrity.
In advanced cases of ALS, the main cause of death is respiratory failure stemming from an inability to control the intercostal muscles. However, longer enhances that measure the rate of loss for muscle function deterioration of muscular capacity that is known to occur with ALS have repeatedly failed to find a benefit with creatine supplementation. One review lasting 16 months using 10g creatine daily alongside the pharmaceutical riluzole noted that, after 34 of the patients died from ALS, creatine failed to exert protective effects against ALS-related mortality adjusted hazard ratio of 0.
A smaller literature measuring only performance deaths noted that the six in placebo relative to two in culture was too small of a sample size to detect a statistically significant difference. Despite one study failing to find any significant differences in mortality review, two other studies have suggested that creatine may reduce the risk.
The results were nonsignificant, but due to all treatments being well tolerated it [MIXANCHOR] thought that creatine may still play a role as an adjuvant.